➥ Armavir Inscriptions Armavir is an Urartian fortress located about 40 km west of Yerevan on the eastern bank of the Ararat Plain irrigated by the Araxes River. It was built on a series of low hills extending approximately 4 km in an east–west direction between the modern town of Armavir and the Araxes River. … Read more
➥ Arin Berd Inscriptions Arin Berd or Erebuni Fortress is one of the most important Urartian settlements, located on Arinberd hill at the southeastern edge of today’s Yerevan, Armenia. It was founded in 782 BCE by King Argišti I, making it one of the earliest and best-documented Urartian fortresses in the region. Erebuni is considered … Read more
➥ Karmir Blur Inscriptions Karmir Blur Fortress is one of the major Urartian strongholds, located on a hill at the western edge of present-day Yerevan, Armenia, near the confluence of the Hrazdan and Getar rivers. The site was founded in the first half of the 7th century BCE by King Rusa II, who established it … Read more
➥ Bastam Inscriptions Bastam Fortress is an Urartian settlement founded about 150 km east of the capital Tušpa, and 50 km north of today’s city of Khoy in Iran. It represents the easternmost of the great Urartian fortress sites and is the second largest after Tushpa/Van Fortress. Bastam is one of five major fortresses founded … Read more
➥ Kaleköy Inscription The Urartian fortress located north of Kale village, which lies about 5 km east of the Mazgirt district center, takes its name from the village, and the village in turn takes its name from the fortress (Kaleköy means Fortress Village). It is not a settlement large enough to serve as a provincial … Read more
Kayalıdere Fortress, located about 1.5 km west of Kayalıdere village in the Varto district, is one of the provincial centers that controlled the western regions of the Urartian Kingdom. It was built on a rocky ridge extending in a northwest-southeast direction along the banks of the Murat River (Eastern Euphrates).The site was first identified during … Read more
➥ Anzaf Inscriptions The fortresses of Upper Anzaf (Yukarı Anzaf) and Lower Anzaf (Aşağı Anzaf) represent a critical architectural and strategic complex from the Urartian period, located approximately 10 km northeast of Van in eastern Turkey. These fortified sites were constructed during the reigns of Kings Išpuini and Minua in the 9th–8th centuries BCE and … Read more
➥ Palu Inscription It is a Urartian fortress built on a hill approximately 2 km west of the Palu district center. To the south, the Murat River curves around the hill like a crescent and extends eastward. The north and west sides of the hill consist of steep and rugged cliffs that provided natural defensive … Read more
➥ Kef Kalesi Inscriptions Kef Kalesi (Kef Fortress) was established on a hill 2,200 meters high, located behind the town of Adilcevaz, on the northern shore of Lake Van. It stands on the southwestern slopes of Mount Süphan, which was considered sacred by the Urartians. The fortress is about 550 meters above the shore, overlooks … Read more
➥ Aznavurtepe and Patnos Inscriptions Aznavurtepe is a Urartian fortress located in the northeast of the fertile Patnos Plain, about 50 km north of Lake Van. It was establised on top of a hill about 200 meters above the plain, around 2 km north of the Patnos town center. It is thought that the name … Read more
