Karagündüz (A 3-9) The basalt stele with a rounded top was found in the 1890s in the village of Karagündüz, on the eastern shore of Lake Erçek. It is inscribed on both sides. The stele is broken at the bottom, has some damage around the corners, and the reverse side features several crosses carved at … Read more
Tirmet (A 5-6) Several fragments of a basalt stele were found at various times between 1881 and 2014 in and around the village of Tirmet (Alazlı), with the most recent ones recovered during surveys conducted between 2009 and 2014 by Hanifi Biber of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. A total of six fragments, two of which … Read more
Ilandagh (A 3-8) The rock inscription is located on Ilandagh (Ojasar) mountain in the Nakhchivan region of Azerbaijan. It was first documented by geologist V. A. Igumnov in 1988. Because its location was not recorded at the time, the exact position of the inscription was unknown, and it was only rediscovered in 2026. The inscription … Read more
Koçyatağı (A 18-1) The rock inscription was discovered in 2005 by R. Çavuşoğlu on the top of Koç Hill, an eastward extension of the Bingöl Mountain, several km northwest of the village of Koçyatağı (Gomazil), about 22 km northeast of Varto in Muş province. It is carved on a large boulder inside a shallow niche … Read more
Tashtepe (A 5-10) The 23-line inscription of King Minua was carved on a rock at the location known as Tashtepe in Iranian Azerbaijan. It was severely damaged in the early 1890s by the German missionary and antiquity collector Pastor Faber, who attempted to extract it with dynamite. He later donated the extracted fragments to the … Read more
Muş (A 5-7) The inscription is written on all four faces of the rectangular, prism-shaped stele. Only the lower part of the stele survives, measuring 44 cm in height, 36 cm in width, and 24 cm in depth. It originates from the Muş province and was taken to Tbilisi around 1916 during the Russian occupation … Read more
Mt. Taragheh (A 3-13?) The rock inscription was discovered in 1997 by rock climbers near the summit of Mt. Taragheh, 2.6 km south of the village of Elmabad, about 25 km west of the city of Bukan in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran. It was carved on a flattened surface about 60 to 80 … Read more
Salmanağa (A 5-17) The stele was found in 1891 inserted into a side niche of the completely ruined 7th-century church of Surp Astvacacin in the village of Artsovaberd (now Salmanağa), about 11 km northeast of Erciş. It is inscribed on both sides, and the text concerns the building of a canal and a city by … Read more
Ada (A 5-20) The rock inscription was formerly located near the village of Ada (now Adalar), a few kilometers south of Malazgirt. It is suspected to have been submerged by the Adalar Dam. The 12-line inscription concerns a canal built by Minua. Transliteration:1 dhal-di-i-ni-ni uš-ma-a-ši-i-ni2 mmì-nu-a-še miš-pu-ú-i-ni-hi-i-ni-še3 i-ni pi-i-li-e a-gu-ú-ni4 mmì-nu-a-i pi-i-li-e ti-i-ni5 ku-ṭu-ni pa-ri … Read more
Ortakent (A 8-7) The rock inscription is located on an artificially leveled wide rock surface by a small creek (Morevdere), about 3 km northeast of Ortakent, a village in the district town of Hanak in the province of Ardahan. It was first reported in 1985 by Temel Özcan from Hanak. The 13-line inscription covers an … Read more
